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| Supply chain sustainability ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Supply chain sustainability
Supply chain sustainability is a business issue affecting an organization’s supply chain or logistics network in terms of environmental, risk, and waste costs. There is a growing need for integrating environmentally sound choices into supply-chain management.〔Srivastava, Samir K "Green Supply Chain Management: A state-of-the-art Literature Review", ''International Journal of Management Reviews'', 2007, 9(1), 53-80.〕 Sustainability in the supply chain is increasingly seen among high-level executives as essential to delivering long-term profitability and has replaced monetary cost, value, and speed as the dominant topic of discussion among purchasing and supply professionals.A sustainable supply chain seizes value creation opportunities and offers significant competitive advantages for early adopters and process innovators.〔Srivastava, Samir K, "Sustainable Supply Chain Management: Doing The Right Thing", ''Logistics Times'', 1(8), December 2010, pp. 19-23 (Available at: http://issuu.com/rajmisra/docs/lt_december_2010/19?mode=a_p Accessed on October 12, 2014).〕
==Background==
Supply chains are critical links that connect an organization’s inputs to its outputs. Traditional challenges have included lowering costs, ensuring just-in-time delivery, and shrinking transportation times to allow better reaction to business challenges. However, the increasing environmental costs of these networks and growing consumer pressure for eco-friendly products has led many organizations to look at supply chain sustainability as a new measure of profitable logistics management.〔(Supply Chain Management )〕 This shift is reflected by an understanding that sustainable supply chains frequently mean profitable supply chains.〔(The Sustainable Supply Chain Project )〕
Many companies are limited to measuring the sustainability of their own business operations and are unable to extend this evaluation to their suppliers and customers. This makes determining their true environmental costs highly challenging and reduces their ability to remove waste from the supply chains. However much progress has been made in defining supply chain sustainability and benchmarking tools are now available that enable sustainability action plans to be developed and implemented.〔(Weir Total Supply Chain Sustainbility )〕
One of the key requirements of successful sustainable supply chains is collaboration. The practice of collaboration — such as sharing distribution to reduce waste by ensuring that half-empty vehicles do not get sent out and that deliveries to the same address are on the same truck — is not widespread because many companies fear a loss of commercial control by working with others. Investment in alternative modes of transportation — such as use of canals and airships — can play an important role in helping companies reduce the cost and environmental impact of their deliveries.〔(Airships float back to the futures )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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